Yttrium (Yttrium) is a gray-black metal with the chemical symbol Y. It was the first rare earth metallic element to be discovered and is malleable. [1] reacts with hot water and dissolves easily in dilute acid. Special glass and alloy can be made.

Yttrium is a rare earth element. Rare earth elements are scandium, yttrium and all lanthanide elements. Due to their scarcity in the Earth's crust, their oxides are similar in nature to the soil elements such as calcium oxide, hence their name. Rare earth elements are difficult to find, isolate, and analyze because they are dispersed and often disorganized, and because they are similar in nature to each other. Yttrium and another rare earth element, cerium, are two of the rare earth elements that are more abundant in the earth's crust, so they were found first among the rare earth elements. Norway and Sweden in northern Scandinavia are rich sources of rare earth minerals, so they were first discovered in the region.

The purity of yttrium produced in industry is generally not less than 93.4%, its main impurities are other rare earth elements, content: 3.8%, calcium 1.6%; Iron 0.05%; Copper 0.1%; Tantalum or tungsten 1%. Yttrium of purity not less than 99.8% or more can also be produced. The main impurities in high purity yttrium are still rare earth elements.
 

Element name: yttrium

yttrium

yttrium

Symbol of element: Y Oxidation state: +3 valence

Relative density: 4.689 [1]

Atomic volume (cubic cm/mole) : 19.8

Electron shell configuration: 2-8-18-9-2

Crystal structure: the cell is hexagonal.
Yttrium is widely used in industry. It is used as yttrium phosphorescent to make television screens red. It is also used in certain ray filters, superconductors and superalloys, and special glasses.Yttrium is resistant to high temperature and corrosion and can be used as a cladding material for nuclear fuel. Yttrium and a variety of aminocarboxylic complexes can produce stable chelates; Neodymium-containing yttrium aluminum garnet is an excellent laser material, yttrium iron garnet is an excellent laser material, yttrium iron garnet and yttrium aluminum garnet is a new magnetic material.

Purpose: Yttrium oxide can be used as catalyst for special glass and ceramics. It is mainly used for manufacturing magnetic materials for microwave and important materials for military industry (single crystal; Composite oxides such as yttrium iron garnet and yttrium aluminum garnet), are also used as additives in optical glass, ceramic materials, high brightness phosphors for large screen televisions and other picture tube coatings. Also used in the manufacture of film capacitors and special refractory materials, as well as high pressure  lamp, laser, storage components and other bubble materials.

[Preparation or source] The mixed rare earth solution obtained from the decomposition of brown yttrium niobite is obtained by extraction, acid dissolution, reextraction, direct concentration and burning.